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Standard exchange-traded products (ETPs), such as plain-vanilla Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs), are traded on regulated stock exchanges and can be accessed through your investment account.

Complex exchange-traded products (complex ETPs) — including ETNs, ETCs, crypto ETNs, and leveraged or inverse ETFs — are high-risk investments. While they are also traded on regulated stock exchanges, they can only be accessed through eligible investment accounts.

Your access to complex ETPs may be subject to restrictions based on your investment profile, and not all retail clients may be eligible to invest. Before you can access complex ETPs, we are required to assess whether these investments are appropriate for you.

To determine whether complex ETPs are appropriate for you, you will need to complete an appropriateness test. This test assesses your investment experience, as well as your knowledge and understanding of the product’s characteristics and the risks of investing in complex ETPs.

If the assessment indicates that the product may not be appropriate for you, we may not be able to offer access, or we may provide additional guidance and information to help you make an informed decision.

If you fail the appropriateness assessment, you will be able to retake the test after a cool-down period. You should only retake the test if you have the appropriate knowledge and experience to invest in complex ETPs and fully understand the risks involved.